Abstract:
The world has made substantial progress in reducing child mortality over the last four decades. Several factors, such as implementation of high-impact child survival interventions, health system strengthening, improvements in maternal education and family income, commitments of policymakers and donors, and the establishment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have contributed to a reduction in child mortality globally. Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Southern and Central Asia, and Oceania made insufficient progress to achieve MDG.
The study aimed to examine the Causes for mortality in pediatric Intensive Care Unit- Al-Sabeen Hospital Sana’a.-Yemen
Method:
A retrospective study conducted in the pediatric ICU of Alsabeen hospital. The records of the admitted children and died during study from January 2021 to December 2021 were reviewed
The data collected included; sex, gestational age, postnatal age at admission, place of delivery, mode of delivery, main cause of admission, outcome, cause of death, age at death and length of hospital stay.
The causes of death determine based on WHO classification and diagnosis of diseases that classified into 9 groups as the following: Respiratory diseases, prematurity, CNS diseases, malnutrition, GIT diseases. Infectious diseases, congenital abnormality, heart diseases, other causes.
Data coded, entered and analyzed through SPSS version 26.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics .Continuous variable expressed as mean ± SD, while categorical variables expressed as frequency. Descriptive statistics or frequency, percentage .Two-tailed, p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant
Result:
The findings of the Study showed, 51% with age less than 1 year, the mean age of the studied cases was 10.7±8.5 years, 56% of Children were place of delivery at Home. 71% Children were full term (37 -42 Week), 52% had been admitted in ICU for a had been admitted in ICU for a period between 48 hours to one week.
Most common causes of death in ICU among study cases was CNS diseases (17%) followed by Respiratory diseases (15% ), Infectious diseases(14%),respectively then Gastro Intestinal Tract diseases(11%) and same percentage was Congenital abnormality , (8%) Malnutrition, (6%) Heart Diseases and last percentage (18%) was due to other diseases ((Inborn error of metabolism (8%), Malignancy (5%), Renal diseases (3%), Hemophilia (2%)).
There was a positive correlation between Gestational age, Period of Admission and causes of death, which was statistically significant p.value <0.05. In the age group less than 5 years was most common causes of death as respiratory of diseases , while in the age group above or between 5-10 years due to CNS and Heart
Conclusion and Recommendation:
Respiratory diseases, CNS diseases, Infectious diseases, respectively then Gastro Intestinal Tract diseases were the common causes of death in ICU. An urgent improvement in pediatric ICU is therefore needed in the hospital to decrease the death and complications.
This could be done through activation of programs of maternal health education and safe maternity. Furthermore, there is a need to improve the existing health facilities for pediatric care and to build more services, especially in the peripheral areas. There is also a need to train medical staff dealing with newborn infants both during delivery and after delivery.
What will audience learn from your presentation?
- Causes for mortality in pediatric Intensive Care Unit- Al-Sabeen Hospital Sana’a.-Yemen
