Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the effects of gestational glucose management intervention on pregnancy and neonatal birth outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus undergoing the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 90 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes who received IVF-ET in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 and underwent regular prenatal check-up. During pregnancy, the subjects developed a lifestyle of reasonable diet, proper exercise, adequate rest and the blood sugar were tested once a week. Patients were divided into well-controlled group (HbA1c<5.5%, n=53) and poorly controlled group (HbA1c≥5.5%, n=37) based on the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels two times before delivery. Complications during pregnancy including premature rupture of membranes, preeclampsia and adverse neonatal outcomes including respiratory distress syndrome and asphyxia were compared between the two groups.
Results: The rate of cesarean section in the well-controlled group was 32.08% (17/53) significantly lower than that in the poorly controlled group 54.05% (20/37), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.35, P=0.04). The total incidence of pregnancy complications in the well-controlled group was 21.62% (8/53) lower than that in the poorly controlled group 35.14% (13/37), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.89, P=0.03). There were no significant differences in Apgar score between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of giant newborns in the well-controlled group (1.89%, 1/53) was significantly lower than that in the poorly controlled group (13.51%, 5/37) (χ2=4.73, P=0.03). The overall incidence of adverse outcomes in the well-controlled group was 11.32% (6/53) significantly lower than that in the poorly controlled group 29.73% (11/37), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.44, P=0.04).
Conclusion: Good control of gestational blood glucose can significantly reduce the risk of complications and adverse neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes undergoing IVF-ET.
Keywords: gestational glucose management; pregnancy; neonatal birth outcomes; in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer
