Vaccination is one of the greatest achievements of contemporary medicine. It has been proven to be the most successful and economically most sustainable measure in primary preventive medicine. The responsibility of doctors for the implementation of vaccination programmes is great [....] » Read More
Although preventing harm has been a central mission in medicine, the publication of the pivotal document To Err is Human created a revolution catapulting Quality and Safety to the forefront of the health care delivery systems. In Pediatric Critical Care, performance assessment sh [....] » Read More
Background: The incidence of EPH in ELBW infants is 20- 45%. EPH is associated with significant mortality and morbidities in this population. There are no recent reports on the adverse outcomes of refractory and nonrefractory hypotension in ELBW infants, as compared with normoten [....] » Read More
In this presentation, Dr. Delphine Collin-Vézina, will present an integrated social medicine model that focuses on early intervention with socially and economically disadvantaged children and adolescents, the Social Pediatrics in Community (SPC) model. SCP is an interdisci [....] » Read More
Cancer remains the most common cause of disease-related death in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in highincome countries, their overall survival now exceed 80%. Recognition of the unique distribution of diseases in the AYA population with cancer and further understanding of t [....] » Read More
Vertebro-medullary injuries before the age of 15 years are a relatively rare occurrence, if compared to adults, in terms of trauma mechanics, treatment and follow-up. Overall, the incidence of severe traumas in infants and children is about 1:100 with respect to adults, and only [....] » Read More
Human milk (HM) is a complex matrix containing numerous unique components compared to infant formula. One such group of components, human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), is abundant in HM and only exceeded in amount by lipid and lactose. Of the various HMOs, the most predominant HMO [....] » Read More
Background: A study was conducted to evaluate and to evolve a system of standardizing the oxygen concentration inside the oxygen hood and to develop guidelines for controlled FiO2 administration by changing size of the hood, lid position on the hood and the oxygen flow rate, with [....] » Read More
Objectives: Antiemetics are commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, but conflicting information exists regarding its safety to the fetus. We quantified the risk of major congenital malformations (MCM) associated with first-trimester exposure to antiemetics. Metho [....] » Read More
Child Maltreatment constitutes all forms of child abuse including physical abuse, emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligent treatment and exploitation of children, resulting in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity [....] » Read More
Anthracyclines are among the most effective antineoplastic drugs and have gained widespread use in the treatment of numerous solid tumors and hematological malignancies. They can cause cytotoxic damage to cardiac cells, especially in combination with radiotherapy. Furthermore, ca [....] » Read More
I n today’s world children all around us are engaged in spending their time in front of televisions, computers and tablets. No one can despute the large amount of opportunities that modern technology has brought to us, but children of today are no longer spending their time [....] » Read More
Objective: To develop recommendations and schemes of medicamental prevention and correction of vitamin D deficiency in children in Russia. Methods: During the Rodnichok study 1614 children under three years of age were examined from November 2013 till December 2016 in different r [....] » Read More
Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is an uncommon diagnosis in paediatrics, more so in sub -Saharan Africa. We highlight the importance of early recognition of DVT as a clinical diagnosis and managing potential complications such as pulmonary embolism in this case report. C [....] » Read More
Mutations in multiple genes cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). The most common cause of CH worldwide is thyroid dysgenesis (85%) followed by dyshormonogenesis (10-15%). CH commonly causes mental retardation in Sudan because of lack of neonatal screening. It was reported that t [....] » Read More
Timely diagnosis of congenital heart diseases, seen in about 1 percent of all newborn infants, have been increasingly receiving interests from the researchers in pediatric medicine, even though, precise auscultation and interpretation of pediatric heart sounds have always been a [....] » Read More
Title : Germ line mutation associated acute leukemia in childhood: Different genetic landscape and therapeutic strategies
Zhan he Wu, Children’s Hospital at West mead, Australia
I t is estimated that acute myeloid leukemia from the germ line mutation associated cause is about 15% and it could be more and recent discoveries have revealed that inherited germ line mutations are present in an increasing proportion of children predisposing them to leukemia. T [....] » Read More
Title : Tumors in the newborn period
Karen S Fernandez, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), United States
Solid tumors discovered at birth or during the first month after delivery are rare. Neonatal tumors are often benign. Malignant tumors in neonates represent only 2% of all malignancies in childhood. Some tumors that appear histologically malignant may show benign behavior, wherea [....] » Read More
Title : Feel me hear me childrens participation in the PICU
Janet Mattsson, The Swedish Red Cross University College, Sweden
Background: Children who are critically ill are vulnerable and the nurse has a responsibility to meet the child`s needs in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Objectives: The aim was to explore the vulnerable child’s participation and how it can be understood through th [....] » Read More
Title : Associations between physical activity and quality of life in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Jorge Lizandra, University of Valencia, Spain
Physical activity (PA) is being considered in recent years as an important part of the therapy and rehabilitation for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, due to the evidences of health benefits (slower lung function decline, improved bone mineral density, nutritional status and mucus [....] » Read More
Title : Tumors of CNS in the first year of life characteristics outcomes and prognoses
Laura Marynczak, University Children’s Hospital of Cracow, Poland
CNS tumors in the first year of life differ in histological features, locations, dynamics of development, and clinical presentations. The analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and outcomes in tumors of CNS was performed to establish factors which have an impact on out [....] » Read More
Title : Vitamin D immunomodulatory effect
Biljana Vuletic, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
I n addition to the most familiar classical role vitamin D to maintain calcium and phosphorus homeostasis through effects on the intestine, kidney, and bone, in conjunction with parathyroid hormone, vitamin D shows a regulatory effect on a number of different cells, especially it [....] » Read More
Title : Accidental extubation events How unplanned it is and what lessons can be learnt?
Sridhar M Ramaiah, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust,, United Kingdom
Review on accidental extubation from the literature. Effects of accidental extubation on the baby and wider impact parents/staff and outcome. Challenges of capturing data on accidental extubation. Results of a quality improvement project on accidental extubation. Extubation event [....] » Read More
Title : The rehabilitative day care centers in Israel - when a dream meets reality
Hadar Yardeni, Ministry of health office,, Israel
The Rehabilitative Daycare law (2000) was designed to ensure that a toddler with a disability will receive adequate care suited to his individual needs. Rehabilitative daycare regulations (2008) describe the treatment package for a toddler, according to his medical and functional [....] » Read More
Title : Pediatric abdominal emergency imaging
Betul Tiryaki Bastug, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey
Trauma, appendicitis, intussusception, and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis are the most common reasons for emergent abdominal imaging in pediatric patients. Although the use of computed tomography has increased dramatically in recent years, children are at particular risk for side [....] » Read More
Title : Single daily dosing of ceftriaxone and metronidazole is as safe and effective as ampicillin, gentamicin and metronidazole for non-operative management of complicated appendicitis in children
Yardeni Dan, Hadassha Medical Center,, Israel
Introduction: Perforated appendicitis very common abdominal emergency in children and nonoperative management with Ampicillin Gentamicin and Metronidazole (AGM) has shown good results. Recent data show that single daily dosing of Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole (CM) is as safe and [....] » Read More
Title : Assessment of nocturnal sleep architecture by actigraphy and one-channel electroencephalography in early infancy
Michiko Yoshida, Japanese Red Cross Akita College of Nursing, Japan
Objective: To elucidate characteristic sleep architecture of different nocturnal sleep patternsin early infancy. Methods: Participants were 27 infants at the same conceptional age of 3-4 months. Nocturnal sleep ofthese infants was monitored at home by simultaneously using actigra [....] » Read More
Title : Eleven years of alcohol intoxications in adolescents in all Dutch pediatric departments. Alcohol poisoning and the role of tobacco, illicit drugs and medication
Inge M Wolberink, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Netherlands
During the last decade, alcohol intoxication in children and adolescents developed into a major health concern in current pediatrics. In this longitudinal study we monitored intake and treatment of 6416 adolescents in Pediatric Departments in Dutch hospitals over the years 2007 t [....] » Read More
Title : Alcohol & child health in rural Kenya: Patterns of use, abuse and associations with child health
Fareena Ahamed, M.P.Shah Hospital,, Kenya
Background: Alcohol is one of the leading contributors to non-communicable disease in the developed and developing world. Children of alcoholic parents have more emotional & health problems, school failure, learning disabilities, and criminality than their counterparts. There [....] » Read More
Title : Physiological expression of HLA-G and pregnancy
Marcos Roberto Tovani Palone, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule with immune-modulatory properties. Such molecule predominantly possesses tolerogenic and anti-inflammatory functions. Until now, it has been verified the existence of seven i [....] » Read More
Title : Barriers and facilitators to the real-world implementation of supervised asthma therapy in public schools: A qualitative study of school nurse perspective
Robert J Goldberg, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
The attitudes of school-based nurses to an asthma management program for school-aged children and adolescents. Background: Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that school-supervised delivery of inhaled corticosteroid therapy reduces asthma-related morbidity in school-a [....] » Read More
Title : Myocardial dysfunction in septic shock
Ljiljana Pejcic, University of Nis, Serbia, Romania
Septic shock is a serious, life-threatening condition often associated with multiple organ dysfunctions. The incidence of myocardial dysfunction in sepsis is unknown as well as its impact on survival, independently other organ system dysfunction. Case report: Adolescent aged 15 y [....] » Read More
Title : Modeling survival in childhood acute lymphoblast leukemia
Krasimira Prodanova, Technical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
A cute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy diagnosed in children, representing nearly one third of all pediatric cancers. Annually, around 13000 children in the world are diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. White children are more frequently affect [....] » Read More
Title : Regenerative therapy in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Haruo Shintaku, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is considered to be a major cause of cerebral palsy (CP) in neonates with moderate or severe asphyxia. To date, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has been the only effective treatment for HIE to prevent the development of CP. However, even if infa [....] » Read More
Title : The predictive value of serum sodium concentration on the early outcome after pediatric liver transplantation
Yordanka Uzunova, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Bulgaria
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between the serum sodium concentration and the probability of the outcome in early postoperative period after pediatric liver transplantation. We analyze 32 cases and conclude that high values of the serum sodium concen [....] » Read More