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Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) represents a complex endocrine disorder characterized by insufficient production and secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland, a small pea-sized structure at the base of the brain. GH, a crucial protein hormone, plays a pivotal role in stimulating growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration throughout the body. Onset of GHD may occur during childhood or adulthood, with diverse causes ranging from congenital genetic abnormalities to acquired conditions such as tumours, trauma, infections, or radiation affecting the pituitary gland. In Paediatric cases, GHD hampers linear growth and skeletal development, resulting in short stature and delayed puberty. Additionally, adults with GHD may experience a range of symptoms, including fatigue, decreased muscle mass, increased body fat, and impaired psychological well-being. Accurate diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, growth charts, and stimulation tests to measure GH secretion. Treatment typically involves recombinant human growth hormone therapy, administered through subcutaneous injections, aiming to normalize growth and address associated symptoms. Early detection and intervention are critical, as untreated GHD can lead to lasting physical and psychological consequences, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive medical management and ongoing monitoring to optimize the overall health and well-being of individuals affected by this condition.
