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Paediatric posterior uveitis is a complex and potentially sight-threatening inflammatory condition affecting the posterior segment of the eye in children. This disorder specifically targets the uvea, which encompasses the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, and its manifestation in Paediatric patients presents unique challenges for diagnosis and management. Often characterized by inflammation in the vitreous and retina, Paediatric posterior uveitis can lead to a spectrum of ocular complications, including macular edema, retinal detachment, and optic nerve involvement, posing a significant risk to visual function. The etiology of Paediatric posterior uveitis is diverse, ranging from infectious causes, such as toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus, to non-infectious autoimmune conditions like juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Given the potential for long-term visual impairment, prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial, involving a comprehensive clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, and advanced imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Management strategies often necessitate a multidisciplinary approach, combining anti-inflammatory medications, immunosuppressive therapy, and in some cases, surgical interventions. Balancing the need for aggressive treatment with the potential side effects in a Paediatric population further complicates the therapeutic decision-making process. Long-term follow-up is essential to monitor disease activity, adjust treatment regimens, and address potential complications, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between Paediatricians, ophthalmologists, and other specialists to optimize outcomes and preserve the visual health of affected children.
