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Paediatric uveitis, a rare and intricate inflammatory condition affecting the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, presents a formidable challenge in Paediatric ophthalmology. This multifaceted disorder involves inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, collectively known as the uveal tract, and manifests uniquely in children, posing distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Characterized by its diverse etiologies, which may range from infectious agents such as viruses or bacteria to autoimmune and systemic inflammatory disorders, Paediatric uveitis often eludes prompt recognition due to its subtle and insidious onset. The clinical spectrum varies widely, encompassing anterior, intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis, each with its own set of clinical features and complications. This condition not only jeopardizes visual acuity but also carries the risk of amblyopia, glaucoma, cataracts, and other sight-threatening complications. The intricate interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers adds an additional layer of complexity to the disease pathogenesis. Diagnosis relies heavily on a meticulous combination of clinical examination, advanced imaging modalities, and laboratory investigations. Collaborative efforts between Paediatricians, rheumatologists, and ophthalmologists become paramount for a comprehensive approach to managing the underlying systemic conditions. Treatment strategies include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and biologics, necessitating a delicate balance between efficacy and potential side effects, especially in the vulnerable Paediatric population. The importance of long-term monitoring and multidisciplinary care cannot be overstated, as the chronic nature of Paediatric uveitis requires ongoing management to mitigate relapses and preserve visual function. Despite the formidable challenges, advances in research and therapeutic modalities offer a glimmer of hope, pushing the boundaries of our understanding and paving the way for more targeted and personalized approaches to confront this intricate Paediatric ocular disorder.
