Neonatal and Fetal Nutrition

Optimal nutrition in childhood is the cornerstone for long-term health. Breastfeeding should be the major source of nutrition for most newborns, based on the health benefits of human milk. From birth to maturity, proper infant nutrition is critical to a child's continuous health. Correct feeding is especially important in the first three years of life since it helps to reduce morbidity and mortality, minimise the risk of chronic disease later in life, and promote regular mental and physical development. In recent years, the nutrition of newborns, particularly those born preterm, has improved significantly. Extremely preterm newborns have high nutrient demands that are difficult to supply, resulting in growth retardation. Breastfeeding has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on a child's development, including improved IQ, school performance, and adult earnings.