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Paediatric viral skin infections encompass a diverse array of dermatological conditions affecting infants and children, often presenting unique challenges due to the distinctive nature of Paediatric skin and the developing immune system. Varied viral agents, including but not limited to herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), and human papillomavirus (HPV), contribute to a spectrum of clinical manifestations. The hallmark of these infections lies in their potential to evoke a range of cutaneous lesions, such as vesicles, pustules, papules, and warts, creating diagnostic complexities for healthcare practitioners. The prevalence of these infections is influenced by factors like age, socioeconomic status, and vaccination history. HSV, for instance, may manifest as herpetic gingivostomatitis in toddlers or as herpes gladiatorum in school-aged children engaged in contact sports. VZV can lead to chickenpox, characterized by pruritic vesicular eruptions, or reappear later in life as herpes zoster. Molluscum contagiosum often presents with discrete, dome-shaped papules, while HPV can cause warts with distinct morphologies. The contagious nature of many Paediatric viral skin infections underscores the importance of preventive measures, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate management to mitigate complications and reduce transmission within communities. Additionally, the psychological impact on affected children, particularly in terms of self-esteem and social interactions, necessitates a holistic approach to care. While vaccination has significantly curtailed the incidence of some viral skin infections, the evolving landscape of Paediatric dermatology requires ongoing research and education to enhance our understanding of these conditions and optimize therapeutic strategies for the well-being of the youngest members of our population.
