Pediatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the health and medical care of babies, children, and adolescents from birth to the age of eighteen. The name "paediatrics" comes from two Greek words: (pais = child) and (iatros = doctor or healer). Paediatrics is a new medical speciality that emerged in the mid-nineteenth century. A paediatrician is a doctor who provides medical care to children who are acutely or chronically unwell, as well as preventative health services to children who are healthy. In both sickness and health, a paediatrician is responsible for the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of the children in their care. The goal of paediatric research is to lower infant and child mortality rates, restrict infectious disease spread, promote healthy lifestyles for a long, illness-free life, and assist children and adolescents with chronic disorders.