We all know that the digitalization is here to stay, so also in the children’s operating theater. We also know that effective teamwork is crucial for safe surgery. Changes in demographic trends and new surgical and technological innovations require close collaboration with [....] » Read More
In the US and Canada, children with medical complexity (CMC) comprise 1-3% of all children, but account for up to a third of child health expenditures1, 2. Care for this vulnerable population is a significant cost to the healthcare system and individual families. However, most re [....] » Read More
During the era of the Millennium Development Goals, the maternal mortality ratio fell by 45% worldwide and the global mortality for children under five years declined by more than 50%. Neonatal mortality also reduced but at a much slower rate. WHO estimated in 2015 that globally [....] » Read More
Avoiding the harm of early cord clamping at birth is now recommended internationally. This recommendation is currently limited to neonates not requiring resuscitation at birth. These are the same babies that are most harmed by early clamping. The problem arises because the tradit [....] » Read More
Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are a rising entity particularly among adolescents that might be highly impairing. In the past, many terms such as psychosomatic symptoms, somatisation, functional disorders, somatoform disease have been used to define a heterogeneous group of [....] » Read More
Aim: To deepen and expand the understanding of the parents’ experience of having a premature infant due to mother’s preeclampsia. Background: Family centred care is a key element in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The parents are supposed to be together with [....] » Read More
Neurohabilitation is a therapeutic treatment procedure described by Ferenc Katona, that is characterized by the “elementary neuromotor patterns”. These early integrated complex movements are chains of processes in which the neck, trunk and extremities perform complex [....] » Read More
NASA astronauts endure weeks or even months exposed to microgravity and cosmic radiation besides extreme G forces of take-off and re-entry. Stressors like social separation, confinement and an altered sleep-wake cycle compound this physical challenge. During spaceflight there is [....] » Read More
Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of viral infection acquired in utero. Newborns can be symptomatic or asymptomatic at birth. The most frequent clinical signs are hepatosplenomegaly, severe thrombocytopenia, enterocolitis, intestinal bleeding, neuro [....] » Read More
The aim of nutritional support when caring for the preterm infant is to achieve a postnatal growth rate approximately similar to that expected of the normal fetus of an equivalent gestational age. However, most preterm infants fail to receive sufficient amounts of nutrients to su [....] » Read More
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that contributes to the maintenance of normal calcium homeostasis and skeletal mineralization. The prevalence of subclinical vitamin D deficiency is not only restricted to rural population, but it is highly prevalent across the whole glo [....] » Read More
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a versatile bacterial species that exists as a commensal organism in the lower gastrointestinal tract of humans as well as a pathogen that causes a variety of diseases. Some pathogenic E. coli strains cause diarrheal illness (intraintestinal pathogen [....] » Read More
The first consensus on definitions in the field of probiotics between the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and the World Health Organization (WHO) was adopted in 2001. Then, probiotics were defined as “live microorganisms, which, when administer [....] » Read More
Introduction: Fetal anemias are serious complications during pregnancies, which may lead to fetal death in case of hydrops fetalis occurrence (1/3000 pregnancies). Most of the causes responsible for fetal anemia and hydrops fetalis are fetal maternal alloimmunization, parvovirus [....] » Read More
S ince May 2002, a Music Therapy Programme has been going on at the Children’s Hospital La Paz in Madrid. The reception of this Music Therapy Programme by the hospital community at the Children’s Hospital La Paz has been fantastic from the very first day. The therapeu [....] » Read More
Background: Asymptomatic carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is common and one of the common sites (20-30%) is in the nose. On the other hand, it is a known cause for wide range of infectious disease. In current study, we evaluated the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus in the nost [....] » Read More
Objective: To build and validate a list of patient safety actions in the administration of medicines in pediatrics. Method: Methodological research, using theoretical referential described by Lobiondo-Wood and Haber (2001), carried out in Lambayeque in 2018. This is a study devel [....] » Read More
Introduction: Interleukin 17-A (IL-17A) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of both human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and preeclampsia (PE). This study evaluated serum levels of IL-17A in HIV-negative and HIV-positive normotensive and preeclamptic women receiving highly [....] » Read More
Group B streptococcal (GBS) meningitis remains a devastating disease. The absence of an animal model reproducing the natural infectious process has limited our understanding of the disease and, consequently, delayed the development of effective treatments. Knowing that in human t [....] » Read More
Iron (Fe) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) play important roles in the correct functioning of the organism and though it is known that some interactions exist among them, these have not been considered in the numerous studies of mother DHA supplementation. It is of great importance [....] » Read More
There are two stages of vital importance in bone development (gestation and lactation) and any modification in these periods would cause a greater risk of pathologies in later life. Bone turnover process begins in uterus, during the early stages of pregnancy, to ensure proper foe [....] » Read More
The evolution of neonatal intensive care has increased the survival rates of at-risk newborns and elevated the tendency for deviations in language, speech, motor, auditory, and cognitive acquisition and development. Delay in language acquisition is one of the disorders in preterm [....] » Read More
Delay in language acquisition is one of the disorders in premature children described in literature. The effects of prematurity, in association with such birth conditions as weight, may be considered a risk factor for the development of children’s l [....] » Read More
S ince about half of deliveries are carried out in local obstetric clinics in Japan, instructors are expected to improve resuscitation skills of workers engaged in delivery in the community. In this study, we developed a simulation tool for the remote support of neonatal resuscit [....] » Read More
Objective: To investigate the relationship between platelet counts (PLT) and plateletocrit (PCT) in the first 24 hours of life and the incidence of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. Methods: The preterm infants were admitted to NICU [....] » Read More
Objective: To study the effects on accuracy of automated image-based estimating neonatal bilirubin (AIB) with a smartphone APP in the different conditions. Method: The jaundiced neonates were enrolled from in-patient neonatal ward of The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanji [....] » Read More
There are several advantages of breastfeeding for the mother-baby dyad, regarding prevention, promotion and recovery of health, despite the scientific evidence, early weaning is still a frequent reality and new education strategies are necessary to contribute for changes in this [....] » Read More
Statement of the Problem: Oral mucositis (OM) manifests in more than 60% of patients undergoing chemotherapy, impacting their quality of life, increasing morbidity and mortality rate. Therefore, it is important establishing a suitable protocol for the treatment and also the preve [....] » Read More
Title : Obesity in children and adolescents
Irena Bralic, University of Split,, Croatia (Hrvatska)
Obesity is a global public health problem. The prevalence of obesity and the risk of obesity is rising both in childhood and in adolescence throughout the world and also in Croatia. Although obesity causes short-term and long-term, direct and indirect effects on the health of an [....] » Read More
Title : The danger of relying on the interpretation of p-values in single studies: Irreproducibility of results from clinical studies
Ronald L Thomas, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States
P-values are a common component and outcome measure in most every published observational or randomized clinical trial. However, many physicians, researchers, journalists, and policy makers have little or no training in statistics and are forced to rely on the interpretation of r [....] » Read More
Title : Pyloric stenosis of infancy-the great mystery unravels
I M Rogers, AIMST University, Malaysia
Evidence to support the hyperacidity theory of pathogenesis. This will consist of titratable acidity of fasting juice both before and after pyloromyotomy. The peak acidity displayed by all babies at 3 weeks of age is analysed with regard to the immature and insensitivity of the n [....] » Read More
Title : Creating a workplan for emergency evacuation of a pediatric healthcare facility
Joelle N Simpson, Children’s National Medical Center, United States
Health care facilities should have solid evacuation and shelter-in-place plans for patients and staff. Whether planned or unplanned, emergent or urgent, evacuation of a pediatric healthcare facility can have profound ramifications on patient safety and the continuity of operation [....] » Read More
Title : The role of laser in tongue tie division: A pilot study
Kaye Talijancich, Perth Paediatrics, Australia
Background: Laser Tongue Tie Division is an option suitable for neonates, older children and adults. No general anaesthetic is used, but an analgesic gel is applied. The procedure is very quick, taking only 2 to 3 minutes to perform. Aim: To assess the outcome of patients who und [....] » Read More
Title : Not a measly discovery
Linda Denecia Price, Pediatric System Educator, WellStar Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
This presentation will discuss the measles, a childhood communicable disease, and emphasize the importance of parental education. Significantly, the presentation will elaborate on important roles portrayed by healthcare providers with improving vaccination rates and gaining paren [....] » Read More
Title : CMV - associated enterocolitis in neonates, case reports
Natalia Vaynshteyn, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Federation
Background: Intestinal CMV infection is associated with watery diarrhea in infants or necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm neonates. The cases of CMV enterocolitis and necrotizing enterocolitis are presented. Two term infants about 6 weeks old developed severe watery diarrh [....] » Read More
Title : Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in neonates: What do we learn from the case reviews
Shalabh Garg, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating illness that has long lasting impact on families as well as staff members. There are a number of national projects that are currently being undertaken to reduce the incidence of HIE, still births and early neonatal deaths du [....] » Read More
Title : Gene expression for disease stratification and prognostication in neonatal encephalopathy
Paolo Montaldo, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Neonatal encephalopathy is a leading cause of neonatal death and lifelong disability accounting for 1 million deaths every year with 99% of the disease burden in developing countries. Most putative neuroprotectants, including cooling therapy, are effective only when initiated wit [....] » Read More
Title : Precision medicine in neurodevelopmental disorders: Optimising outcomes for children and families through timely, accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment
Simone Ardern Holmes, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Australia
Neurodevelopmental disorders including developmental delay, intellectual developmental disorders, and autism, with comorbidities such as epilepsy, occur frequently in children (3-5 percent). Careful phenotyping and individualized investigations are needed to ensure accurate diagn [....] » Read More
Title : Hazards of neonatal transfusion
Rohit Kumar, James Cook Hospital, United Kingdom
Blood forms an important part of the therapeutic armamentarium of the neonatologist. Very small premature neonates are amongst the most common of all patient groups to receive extensive transfusions. The risks of blood transfusion in today’s age of rigid blood banking laws, [....] » Read More
Title : Neonatal pain: Beliefs, skepticism, and scientific knowledge
Kosmas Sarafidis, Department of Neonatology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
During the last decades, a considerable improvement has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of neonatal pain and the long-term consequences of untreated pain in this age group, overcoming, thus, myths and beliefs of the past that have greatly influenced everyday clinic [....] » Read More
Title : Early intervention strategies in developmental and behavioral disorders
Somasundaram Aiyamperumal, KanchiKamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, India
Developmental and behavioral problems are the emerging morbidity in childhood. Early social/emotional development and physical health provide the foundation upon which cognitive and language skills develop. Early childhood is considered a critical but often vulnerable period in a [....] » Read More
Title : Maternal obesity and impact on the neonate
Rubia Khalak, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, United States
Obesity has become an ever-present problem regardless of age, gender or socioeconomic background. An increase over the past two decades has also been noted in the pregnant population. More women are obese at their first prenatal visit and then subsequently gain more weight throug [....] » Read More
Title : Anemia and thrombocytopenia: Attention and care that the pediatrician must have during the service
Frederico Ribeiro Pires, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital of Brasília, Brasília - Federal District, Brazil
Anemia and thrombocytopenia are common in the pediatrician’s clinical routine. But are we prepared for the differential diagnoses and the serious risks that we can take with the wrong conduct? Thrombotic microangiopathies encompass a set of pathologies that evolve with noni [....] » Read More
Title : Effectiveness of life skills training to enhance mental health status and wellbeing of children and adolescents
Jessy Mavarayil John, Assam Don Bosco University, India
Introduction: Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for laying the foundations for healthy development and good mental health. An individual’s mental health status and wellbeing crucially affect their path through life, and they are vitally important for the healthy [....] » Read More
Title : National registry for children with cancer in Kuwait
Maha Jassim Bourusly, NBK Children Specialty Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
The scope of this talk would be about registries of cancer and hematological diseases around the world and the impact on the improving the health system of countries. Registries in a developing country could be very challenging; however very rewarding to assess the services provi [....] » Read More
Title : A comparison between video-assisted transumbilical appendectomy and laparoscopic or open appendectomy in children
Dani Yardeni, Pediatric Surgery Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
Aim: Video-assisted transumbilical appendectomy (VATA) is a combination of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) and open appendectomy (OA) which has the potential advantages of both techniques. In this study, we report our recent experience with VATA and compare it to our experience wi [....] » Read More
Title : Sepsis in pediatrics: Current concepts of terminology and management
Otilia Elena Frasinariu, Department of Mother and Child, University of medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi, Romania
S epsis is one of the leading causes of mortality among children worldwide. Although the diagnosis and management of sepsis in infants and children is largely influenced by studies done in adults, there are important considerations relevant for pediatrics and we wanted to highlig [....] » Read More
Title : Creation and development of an out of hours child and adolescent mental health emergency service
Anne Frederique Naviaux, Health Service Executive, College of Psychiatrists of Ireland, Summerhill Mental Health Centre, Wexford, Ireland
Having 25% of the total population aged under 18y old, Ireland struggles to provide appropriate Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS); this is directly connected to the lack of CAMHS consultants to lead these services. Accessing the existing CAMHS, especially in eme [....] » Read More